Ankle sprain is a very common injury in the population (athletes and non-athletes) that affects the ligament complex of said joint and can often cause great dysfunction if not properly treated.
The ligaments They are multidirectional fibers of connective tissue whose purpose is to provide stability to a joint and which, after being subjected to excessive tension beyond the physiological joint range, lose their structure, becoming more lax and not being able to generate said stability.
In the case of the ankle, the external or lateral ligaments are the ones that are most injured, being the anterior talofibular ligament (LPAA) the most affected, followed by calcaneal peroneal ligament (LPC) and finally the posterior talofibular ligament (LPAP). The injury mechanism This structure consists of a movement of forced investment.
However, we must not forget the internal compartment of the foot or deltoid ligament, which is less frequent (10%) but can also be injured; in this case by a mechanism of forced eversion.
As risk factors Some of the factors that could compromise the ankle include muscle strength deficits, variations in the plantar arch, obesity, gait biomechanics, inadequate warm-up and training, or poor physical conditions.The author
of the ground on which we tread.
To diagnose it, it would be advisable to do it through a radiography in charge, by means of magnetic resonance imaging, CT scan I ultrasound.
The physical examination can also lead us to assess the severity of injury through different clinical signs that will help us determine the degree of the sprain:
| CLINICAL SIGNS |
MILD SPRAIN (Grade I) |
MODERATE SPRAIN (Grade II) |
SEVERE SPRAIN (Grade III) |
| Location of pain | LPAA | LPAA, LPC | LPAA, LPC, LPAP |
| Edema and Hematoma | Local and unremarkable | Local and quite remarkable | Diffuse (several parts of the ankle) and very noticeable |
| Load capacity | Complete or partial | Difficult and with crutches | Total functional disability |
| Ligamentous Damage | Elongation | Partial rupture | Total breakup |
| Instability | Does not present | Scarce | Total |
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Once the degree of sprain we are facing has been determined, treatment We will divide it, depending on the objective, into 4 phases:
PHASE I: Reduce inflammation and pain.
PHASE II: Joint mobilization.
PHASE III: Potentiation and proprioception.
PHASE IV: Functional rehabilitation to the sports gesture.
Put yourself in the hands of Evolution Madrid to prevent any type of injury thanks to the knowledge of our coaches. In addition, our physiotherapists, experts in the treatment of this pathology will help you make your recovery a success.
