He muscle it's a organ fundamental in the metabolism of the protein of the entire body, being the main reservoir of amino acids to maintain the protein synthesis in the fabrics and organs main in the absence of absorption of these by the intestine.
Maintaining the protein content of organs and tissues
like the fur, he brain, he heart and the liver is essential for life.
These fabrics They need a constant supply of amino acids through the blood to generate new proteins and thus balance the continued degradation of these.
It is known that in the absence of nutrient intake, the muscle protein serves as the main reservoir to replace the blood amino acid absorbed by other tissues, provided that the muscle mass available is adequate to supply them.
He state of stress, he advanced cancer and the traumatic injuries impose greater demands on amino acids by breakdown of the muscle protein that the fast.
In addition to the muscle mass, strength and function play a fundamental role in the process of recovery, and a loss of these can prolong the duration of the injury, even causing the individual to not be able to recover normal function. Therefore, we can say that the muscle has a key role in the prevention of numerous chronic pathologies.
Likewise, alterations in the muscle play a fundamental role in diseases like the cardiac or the cancer, in which there is loss of muscle mass, strength and metabolic function (cachexia), and being necessary to survive.
On the other hand, the loss of muscle mass due to aging (sarcopenia) can condition the quality of life of the individual who suffers from it, even causing falls and deterioration.
MUSCLE AND OBESITY
The obesity it's a pathological state consisting of a energy imbalance durable, being the intake of energy greater than its expenditure.
He total energy expenditure is the sum of: The resting energy expenditure either basal metabolic rate, he thermal effect of food either endogenous thermogenesis and the energy expenditure derived from the physical activity; being in most individuals the resting energy expenditure the largest component of total expenditure.
The energy expenditure derived from the muscle metabolism It is the only one that can considerably vary the energy expenditure at rest, being the synthesis and breakdown of muscle protein the main responsible for the muscle energy expenditure at rest.
In addition, the energy to provide ATP for replacement of muscle proteins It is largely derived from the fat oxidation, which is the energy substrate of the muscle.
Therefore we can say that the maintenance of the muscle mass can prevent the obesity.
MUSCLE AND INSULIN RESISTANCE
The diabetes It is a chronic disease in which the levels of glucose in blood are higher than physiological ones. The most common is type 2 and has several phases.
INITIAL PHASE - The insulin loses the ability to stimulate the muscle to eliminate blood glucose. The so-called “insulin resistance” of the muscle that refers to the metabolic syndrome, considered the precursor of the diabetes frank. At the beginning the insulin secretion increases to allow the muscle to remove glucose from the blood and maintain normal levels.
MIDDLE PHASE – As the metabolic syndrome progresses to diabetes, the increase in insulin secretion cannot counteract the ineffectiveness of this to stimulate the muscles and thus eliminate the glucose.
FINAL PHASE (diabetes) – The pancreas loses the ability to secrete more insulin in response to the hyperglycemia.
There are various theories that could explain the appearance of the insulin resistance But in recent research it is known that the metabolic function of muscle is fundamental in this process, being the physical activity the means to improve it.
MUSCLE AND OSTEOPOROSIS
The osteoporosis It is a skeletal pathology which occurs with a decrease in the bone mineral density. Although there are different causes that can provoke it, we can say that it affects more the women and with the increase in the age. In addition, the lack of mechanical stress can aggravate the process.
Even though the exercises involving the support of the body weight generate a mechanical force about the bone, it is known that the voluntary muscle contractions generate greater force and increase in the bone mass.
In addition, the muscle mass is positively correlated with the content bone mineral and the bone mineral density.
We can therefore confirm the importance again of muscle in the prevention of the osteoporosis.
SOLUTIONS FOR MAINTAINING MUSCLE MASS
There are three approaches to the increase either maintenance of the muscle mass: he hormonal, through the nutrition and through the exercise.
From Evolution Madrid, as health professionalsWe recommend approaching it from all possible areas, but we reserve the first two for specialists in this field.
However, from our knowledge in physical activity and training We can attest that the exercise improves muscle function, increases muscle mass and improves the metabolic function and therefore it is ESSENTIAL to reach the health status and prevent diseases as mentioned above.
Literature:
Wolfe RR. The underappreciated role of muscle in health and disease 1 Ϫ 3. 2006;475–82
